Innovative vineyard soil management practices: influence on biodiversity and soil fertility
This project aims to identify a better and innovative groundcover management practice that allows to increase the soil biological fertility, the content and stability of organic matter, as well as to promote plant and animal biodiversity and the consequent biological control of pests. These results will be used to provide indications to vine-growers on the methods to be adopted to conserve and/or increase the biodiversity in vineyard and the organic matter in the soil.
Two commonly applied techniques for the management of the vineyard inter- row, the frequent mowing of herbaceous vegetation and the green manure practice, will be compared with a more sustainable, and therefore innovative, management of spontaneous vegetation through different periods of grass mowing to allowing plant blossom. This study will be carried out in two wine-growing areas characterized by different pedoclimatic conditions, the Colli Euganei (PD) and Gambellara area (VI), in order to obtain results applicable also in different areas.
The project aims to achieve the following results: 1. provide winegrowers with information on the methods to be adopted to conserve and/or increase biodiversity in the vineyard and organic matter in the soil; 2. considerably reduce and prevent the phenomena of soil erosion in hillside vineyards, as the increase in biomass will help the enrichment of organic substance stable over time; 3. foster a greater presence of arthropods and a consequent greater natural control of the phytophages, as a continuous flowering of the plant species in the periods of flickering provides fundamental resources for the natural enemies. The indicators that will be used are: soil biological fertility, botanical analysis, evaluation of the presence and abundance of micro-arthropods in the soil, evaluation of the presence and abundance of Epigean Coleoptera Carabids, observation of pests and beneficial arthropods on vine leaves, monitoring of Scaphoideus titanus, evaluation of the decomposition rate and of litter stability.
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