Use of innovative technologies for the eco-compatible defense against nematodes, aimed at preserving and restoring the balance of the ecosystems connected to viticulture
The objectives of the project are to proceed, as a preliminary, to ascertain the state of the viticultural land (harmful nematofauna and soil health) for the identified geographical areas. This also in relation to the fact that the nematodes, above all because they are numerically numerous, are excellent "bioindicators"; moreover, if the diversification is higher, the soil will be more balanced and the damage will be less. Based on the various situations that emerged, in the first instance, laboratory and semi-field tests will first be carried out, and then the selected innovations will transfer to the open field.
- WP1: coordination and organization of the GO
- WP2: Evaluation of the nematofauna present and on the basis of the most recent scientific references, identify the possible solutions through the list of selected means.
- WP3: To identify plant extracts and effective microorganisms in vitro for the improvement of soil quality and for the biocontrol of nematodes.
- WP4: Transferring all the information obtained in vitro and in pot to the field without disregarding the implementation of the other possible means
- WP5: dissemination of results.
Campania has soil and climatic characteristics such as to be one of the areas most suited to the cultivation of vines: it boasts 23,281 hectares of vineyards cultivated with production exceeding 1.3 mil.hl. The VI Cen. January dell'Agric. elaborated by Istat it has shown that the greatest production falls in the province of Benevento with 10.500 hl, followed by Avellino with 6.000 hl, Salerno with 3.500 hl, Caserta with 2.000 hl and Naples with 1.600 hl. 70% of the vines are grown in the altimetric area, 17% in the mountains, 9% in territories in the coastal area and 4% in the plains. Campania has among its wines 15 DOC and 4 DOCG, as well as 10 PGI. The telluric environment has a great microbiological biodiversity which, due to the agricultural practices linked to the exploitation and compaction of the soil, undergoes a significant depletion and an accumulation of pests related to the culture. These are symptoms of a breakdown in the biological balance of the soil. The fumigants that lead to the significant reduction of all species both in terms of density and biodiversity with the rapid growth of the species dependent on the crop, are the originators of the phenomenon. Plant and / or fungal metabolism produces hundreds of thousands of biologically active metabolites with a determining role in the interspecific relationships of the plant and defense against pathogens and parasites. The use of these biotechnologies in the control of phyto-helminths can be transferred to all the wineries in the regional territory, to allow the preservation of the health of the vineyards, restore the balance of the ecosystems connected to viticulture, improve productivity and competitiveness.
The project is focused on the application of new technologies to control nematodes and improve yield and quality in viticulture production. In particular, the innovation is related with:
- the use of natural substances;
- the biofumigation of the soil;
- the application of biostimulants and beneficial microorganisms
- the organic fertilizations;
- the soil solarization.
Combination of these practices, applied with an IPM (Integrated Pest Management) approach, improve the phytosanitary status with a consequent increase in quantity and quality in viticulture production.
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